Huong Thien Ngoc Cai, Hang Thi Tran, Yen Hong Thi Nguyen, Giao Quynh Thi Vu, Thao Phuong Tran, Phuong Bich Bui, Huong Thi Thu Nguyen, Thai Quang Pham, Anh Tuan Lai, Jennifer Ilo Van Nuil, Sonia Lewycka
Frontiers in Public Health
Antibiotic use in the community for humans and animals is high in Vietnam, driven by easy access to over-the counter medicines and poor understanding of the role of antibiotics. This has contributed to antibiotic resistance levels that are amongst the highest in the world. To address this problem, we developed a participatory learning and action (PLA) intervention. Here we describe challenges and lessons learned while developing and testing this intervention in preparation for a large-scale One Health trial in northern Vietnam. We tested the PLA approach using community-led photography, and then reflected on how this approach worked in practice. We reviewed and discussed implementation documentation and developed and refined themes. Five main themes were identified related to challenges and lessons learned: understanding the local context, stakeholder relationship development, participant recruitment, building trust and motivation, and engagement with the topic of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Partnerships with national and local authorities provided an important foundation for building relationships with communities, and enhanced visibility and credibility of activities. Partnership development required managing relationships, clarifying roles, and accommodating different management styles. When recruiting participants, we had to balance preferences for top-down and bottom-up approaches. Building trust and motivation took time and was challenged by limited study team presence in the community. Open discussions around expectations and appropriate incentives were re-visited throughout the process. Financial incentives provided initial motivation to participate, while less tangible benefits like collective knowledge, social connections, desire to help the community, and new skills, sustained longer-term motivation. Lack of awareness and perceived importance of the problem of AMR, affected initial motivation. Developing mutual understanding through use of common and simplified language helped when discussing the complexities of this topic. A sense of ownership emerged as the study progressed and participants understood more about AMR, how it related to their own concerns, and incorporated their own ideas into activities. PLA can be a
powerful way of stimulating community action and bringing people together to tackle a
common problem. Understanding the nuances of local power structures, and allowing
time for stakeholder relationship development and consensus-building are important
considerations when designing engagement projects
Applied sciences
A mobile-phone-based diagnostic tool, which most of the population can easily access, could be a game changer in increasing the number of examinations of people with dental caries. This study aimed to apply a deep learning algorithm in diagnosing the stages of smooth surface caries via smartphone images. Materials and methods: A training dataset consisting of 1902 photos of the smooth surface of teeth taken with an iPhone 7 from 695 people was used. Four deep learning models, consisting of Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNNs), You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3), RetinaNet, and Single-Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), were tested to detect initial caries lesions and cavities. The reference standard was the diagnosis of a dentist based on image examination according to the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) classification. Results: For cavitated caries, YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN showed the highest sensitivity among the four tested models, at 87.4% and 71.4%, respectively. The sensitivity levels of these two models were only 36.9 % and 26% for visually non-cavitated (VNC). The specificity of the four models reached above 86% for cavitated caries and above 71% for VNC. Conclusion: The clinical application of YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN models for diagnosing dental caries via smartphone images was promising. The current study provides a preliminary insight into the potential translation of AI from the laboratory to clinical practice.
Huyen Phuc Do, Thang Van Vo, Linda Murray, Philip R.A. Baker, Aja Murray, Sara Valdebenito, Manuel Eisner, Bach Xuan Tran, Bao-Yen Luong-Thanh, Lan Hoang Nguyen, Michael P. Dunne
Child Abuse & Neglect
Background: Despite the detrimental effects and life-course health consequences of violence exposure, relatively few studies have adequate capacity to investigate the evolution of violence from childhood to motherhood. Objective: This study aims to examine the cyclical nature of childhood abuse and prenatal interpartner violent victimization (p-IPV) and its adverse impact on childbirth trauma and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice in Vietnam. Method: Using a prospective birth cohort, 150 pregnant women were recruited in the third trimester of pregnancy in Hue city in central Vietnam (Wave 1-Baseline) and re-interviewed approximately three months after delivery (Wave 2-Follow-up). The direct and indirect effects of violent victimization on subsequent childbirth experience (measured by Birth Memories and Recall Questionnaire) and EBF practice were estimated by using augmented-inverse-probabilityweighted models, sensitivity analysis, and structural equation model. Results: Detrimental and prolonged effects of the inter-generational cycle of violence transverse childhood to motherhood. Women who experienced either childhood abuse or p-IPV violence were more likely to experience negative emotional childbirth memories [ARR 1.21, 95 % CI (1.04, 1.39)]. Evidence also suggested that not continuing to exclusively breastfeed at 3 months post-partum was strongly associated with prenatal depression, young age, and perceived low social status during pregnancy. Perceived strong connectedness among extended family members and social networks (i.e. nexus among family, friends, and neighborhood) provided a buffering
effect by preventing EBF termination.
Conclusion: This research provides insights into the protective role of social connectedness in
improving breastfeeding practice. It is vital to establish wholistic antenatal care and social service
system to offer specialized support and response for victims of violence and mitigate the longterm sequelae of traumatic events.
Tạp chí Y học cộng đồng
Background: Support from partners could be a protective factor against the development of depression during the postpartum period of mothers, so that partner-inclusive interventions could be a key target that helps to prevent this mental disorder. This narrative review aims to evaluate the current evidence about partner-inclusive preventions that examined PPD as outcome. Methods: Four online databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library) were searched using terms related to pregnancy, depression, prevention and partner. Searches were limited to randomized controlled trials written in English from 2010 to 2020. Results: 4 interventions reported in 6 articles were included; all were conducted in developed countries. The approaches were varied: psycho-educational, counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and psychosomatic approach. Three interventions resulted in statistically significant improvement in reducing depressive symptoms presentation in short-term evaluation. Conclusion: This review synthesizes positive evidence on the effectiveness of partner-inclusive approach to prevent postpartum depression, but also suggests that further research and interventions are required to provide comprehensive information for implication, especially in developing countries.
Bui Bich Huong, Nguyen Thu Ha, Ngo Thu Huong, Nguyen Thi Hai Yen, Nguyen Minh Thu, Pham Quang Thai, Do Thi Thanh Toan, Dinh Thai Son, Luu Ngoc Hoat, Le Xuan Hung, Phan Thanh Hai, Luu Ngoc Minh
Tạp chí Y học cộng đồng
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the internet and technology has provided people with a platform for working, schooling, and many other daily activities. Social distancing and lockdowns have resulted a change in the smartphone usage, especially among university students. The study aims to describe smartphone use habits and associated factors among students of Hanoi Medical University and some other universities in 2020. A longitudinal study was conducted on 70 students. Students were followed-up for 1 months, and the data related to the pattern of smartphone use were collected everyday. Descriptive statistics and mixed-effect linear regression model was used to describe smartphone use habits and associated factors. Screen time and the number of unlocks per day were relatively high during the COVID-19 social distancing in 2020 in Vietnam. Social media, website and game were the most common application used by participants. Screen time in weekend was significantly lower compared to weekdays. Number of times picking up the phone were significantly associated with the day in the week, relationship status, and living place
Dinh Thai Son, Phan Thanh Hai, Dam Thao Van, Nguyen Hoang Mai Anh, Phan Ngoc Han, Nguyen Minh Huong, Vu Ha Nhi, Nguyen Phuong Thao, Nguyen Thi Thanh Binh, Chu Thuy Quynh, Luu Ngoc Minh, Le Xuan Hung, Do Thi Thanh Toan, Pham Quang Thai
Tạp chí Y học cộng đồng
Currently the epidemic caused by Coronavirus (COVID-19) has adversely affected many countries, facilitating the vaccination program worldwide. However, whether or not to vaccinate is still controversial, including Vietnam. We recognize that the different attitudes of people after reading the information regarding the COVID vaccine may partly influence the decision to use the vaccine in the future. This study aims to investigate the attitudes of Vietnamese people on the Internet by 2020. We searched for articles on mainstream media online newspapers in Vietnam. Then proceed to collect and classify comments from electronic articles based on the set criteria. Articles containing information regarding the COVID-19 vaccine from early January to early December 2020 in Vietnam. There were 273 articles including 8711 comments related to COVID-19 vaccines compiled. The percentage of supportive comments related to vaccines was 14,3%, which was 6 times higher than the proportion of negative comments (2,4%). The topic with the most supportive comments is the results of the vaccine (20.3%). In the topic of articles, the highest proportion of agreeable comments was in the results of vaccines (20.3%) and the second-highest was in the process of vaccines (17.1%). The percentage of unagreeable comments in the origin of vaccines was higher than that in the process of vaccines with 2.8% and 2.6% each. The proportion of unagreeable comments in the results of vaccines was the lowest at 1.3%. Our research has shown evidence of the attitudes of Vietnamese about the COVID 19 vaccine through electronic articles
Tran Quynh Anh, Nguyen Hoang Long, Nguyen Si Anh Hao, Nguyen Tat Cuong, Vu Gia Linh, Melvyn Zhang, Vu Thi Thu Minh, Nguyen Hoang Son, Tran Xuan Bach, Carl A.Latkin, Roger C.M.Ho, Cyrus S.H. Ho
Frontiers in Public Health
Bui Thu Minh, Hoang Thi Men, Ngo Van Toan, Do Duy Cuong, Nghiem Hong Son, Joshua Byrnes, Phung Tri Dung, Nguyen Thi Huyen Trang, Vu Thu Giang, Do Thi Hoa, Carl A. Latkin, Roger C.M. Ho, Cyrus S.H. Ho
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Little evidence is available about structural factors associated with the retention in care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Vietnam. This retrospective longitudinal study was conducted among PLWH initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 62 ART
Xuan Thi Thanh Le, Anh Kim Dang, Jayson Toweh, Quang Nhat Nguyen, Huong Thi Le, Toan Thi Thanh Do, Hanh Bich Thi Phan, Thao Thanh Nguyen, Quan Thi Pham, Nhung Kim Thi Ta, Quynh Thi Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Nguyen, Quan Van Duong, Hai Quang Pham, Linh Gia Vu, Bach Xuan Tran, Carl A.Latkin, Cyrus S.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Archives of Women's Mental Health
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
Vivian Andrea Welch, Alomgir Hossain, Elizabeth Ghogomu, Alison Riddle, Simon Cousens, Michelle Gaffey, Paul Arora, Robert Black, Donald Bundy, Mary Christine Castro, Li Chen, Omar Dewidar, Alison Elliott, Henrik Friis, T. Déirdre Hollingsworth, Sue Horton, Charles H. King, Huong Le Thi, Chengfang Liu, Fabian Rohner, Emily K Rousham, Rehana Salam, Erliyani Sartono, Peter Steinmann, Taniawati Supali, Peter Tugwell, Emily Webb, Franck Wieringa, Pattanee Winnichagoon, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Zulfiqar A Bhutta & George A Wells
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
Xuan Thi Thanh Le, Anh Kim Dang, Jayson Toweh, Quang Nhat Nguyen, Huong Thi Le, Toan Thi Thanh Do, Hanh Bich Thi Phan, Thao Thanh Nguyen, Quan Thi Pham, Nhung Kim Thi Ta, Quynh Thi Nguyen, Anh Ngoc Nguyen, Quan Van Duong, Men Thi Hoang, Hai Quang Pham, Linh Gia Vu, Bach Xuan Tran, Carl A. Latkin, Cyrus S. H. Ho, Roger C. M. Ho
Frontiers in Psychiatry
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
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