Applied sciences
A mobile-phone-based diagnostic tool, which most of the population can easily access, could be a game changer in increasing the number of examinations of people with dental caries. This study aimed to apply a deep learning algorithm in diagnosing the stages of smooth surface caries via smartphone images. Materials and methods: A training dataset consisting of 1902 photos of the smooth surface of teeth taken with an iPhone 7 from 695 people was used. Four deep learning models, consisting of Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNNs), You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3), RetinaNet, and Single-Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), were tested to detect initial caries lesions and cavities. The reference standard was the diagnosis of a dentist based on image examination according to the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) classification. Results: For cavitated caries, YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN showed the highest sensitivity among the four tested models, at 87.4% and 71.4%, respectively. The sensitivity levels of these two models were only 36.9 % and 26% for visually non-cavitated (VNC). The specificity of the four models reached above 86% for cavitated caries and above 71% for VNC. Conclusion: The clinical application of YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN models for diagnosing dental caries via smartphone images was promising. The current study provides a preliminary insight into the potential translation of AI from the laboratory to clinical practice.
Le Minh Giang, Nguyen Thu Trang, Nguyen Bich Diep, Dao Thi Dieu Thuy, Dinh Thanh Thuy, Han Dinh Hoe, Hoang Thi Hai Van, Thai Thanh Truc, Hoa H. Nguyen, Nguyen Ly Lai, Pham Thi Dan Linh, Vu Thi Tuong Vi, Cathy J. Reback, Arleen Leibowitz, Li Li, Chunqing Lin, Michael Li, Do Van Dung, Ste
Background: Methamphetamine use could jeopardize the current efforts to address opioid use disorder and HIV infection. Evidence-based behavioral interventions (EBI) are effective in reducing methamphetamine use. However, evidence on optimal combinations of EBI is limited. This protocol presents a type-1 effectiveness-implementation hybrid design to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness of adaptive methamphetamine use interventions, and their implementation barriers in Vietnam. Method: Design: Participants will be first randomized into two frontline interventions for 12 weeks. They will then be placed or randomized to three adaptive strategies for another 12 weeks. An economic evaluation and an ethnographic evaluation will be conducted alongside the interventions. Participants: We will recruit 600 participants in 20 methadone clinics. Eligibility criteria: (1) age 16+; (2) Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) scores ≥ 10 for methamphetamine use or confirmed methamphetamine use with urine drug screening; (3) willing to provide three pieces of contact information; and (4) having a cell phone. Outcomes: Outcomes are measured at 13, 26, and 49 weeks and throughout the interventions. Primary outcomes include the (1) increase in HIV viral suppression, (2) reduction in HIV risk behaviors, and (3) reduction in methamphetamine use. COVID-19 response: We developed a response plan for interruptions caused by COVID-19 lockdowns to ensure data quality and intervention fidelity
Dentistry journal
BMC Public Health
Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research
This study aimed to describe mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among students in Vietnam. Data were collected at eight universities in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2018 using an administered questionnaire. The total number of participants was 9,120 (95.1% response rate). Among stu dents participating in our survey, 12.5% (95% CI: 10.9–14.1) with depression and/or anxiety symptoms used mental health service in the last 12 months. In the multivariable regression models, significant factors associated with mental health ser vice utilization were marital status, types of housemate, men tal health problems, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Our study made recommendations to stake holders for improving mental health services utilization among students in Vietnam. These findings had important implica tions for future research on factors associated with mental health service utilization among university students.
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